I have never gone to modern health centers. Nigeria | 80 views, 8 likes, 0 loves, 1 comments, 2 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Catalyst Specialist Health Consult CSHC: Various Cultural theories of Disease causation in Nigeria According to this theory, the human body contains blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile. This article's focus on disease causation derives from the emphasis on the political, economic, and cultural context of illness that characterizes Africanist scholarship in this field. Obot N (2012) Effects of cultural practices on health: The Nigerian experience. Unusual causes of emergence of antimicrobial drug resistance, Effect of the Gayatri Mantra Playing on Microbial Load in Room Air. Supernatural explanations also dominated the discourse of ill-health causation in our study. Being healthy means alemelekef [not having a spell]. Mesfin H, Teferi G, Heather B. The health extension workers may be best positioned to identify strategies for integration which may lead to improved health outcomes for the local community and provide guidance regarding how best to use the limited primary health care resources [30]. Cite this article. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. New York: Oxford University press; 2012. All seek to elucidate principles capable of explaining social inequalities in health, and all represent what I would term theories of disease distribution,24which presume but cannot be reduced to mechanism-oriented theories of disease causation. Before A world survey. Mishra SI, Hess J, Luce PH. Just as members of a society work together to fulfill a society's needs, culture exists to meet its members' social and personal needs. Respecting autonomous decision making among Filipinos: a re-emphasis in genetic counseling. Sociobiology Theory of Cultural Analysis. Another theory was that the kapre possessed the husband, . The emphasis on culture in our genetic counseling training recognizes its crucial role in molding an individual's conceptualization of health, as well as other life aspects, especially since the Filipino culture is a mixture of indigenous as well as imported and borrowed elements. Epidemiology(Fifth edition.). Data were analyzed thematically using narrative strategies. Fracastoro's contagion theory of disease (1546) Germ theory: Louis Pasteur , Lister and others introduced the germ theory in 1878. When Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch discovered and developed what would later be called the germ theory in the 1860s, this was a radical, then revolutionary ideaone so good . The emphasis on culture in our genetic counseling training recognizes its crucial role in molding an individual's conceptualization of health, as well as other life aspects, especially since the Filipino culture is a mixture of indigenous as well as imported and borrowed elements. Download Free PDF The relationship between diseases and their causes can be approached from different starting-points. Sections of original transcripts and key quotes considered to be illustrative of the emerging themes were translated into English to facilitate discussion with the full research team as needed, because one of the research team members, HB, was a non-Amharic speakerIndividual codes and themes were discussed at group meetings until consensus was reached on basic themes and subthemes across the focus groups and interviews. Various social, cultural, and religious norms produce and reinforce gender inequality and the stereotypical gender roles that underpin gender-based violence. Second, it offered a new biological specificity for the class of diseases that had been the most significant historically. Too often, indigenous medicine is criticized as harmful traditions as if it was a threat to human health. We consider people who travel at this wrong time bad, harmful, killers and thieves or people into something tricky. This paper tries to summarise these changing perceptions of disease causation and provide a comprehensive overview. Springer Nature. Dr. Bhoj R singh, Principal Scientist (VM) In addition to supernatural and natural elements, the data presented here suggest that social causes of illnesses need to be added to fully explain the perceptions of the study participants. Of the 54 accidental deaths, 31 (57%) were caused by RTAs. Why Covid lab-leak theory is so disputed. hb```DV cc`aa,z0wCV)M\yZT"dRUG>!^pJ4*IHm4 #W}Lg``T PA&cqhd' -`A=L7ppv. Most participants were Muslims (n=92) and the rest were Ethiopian Orthodox Christians. Bull World Health Organ. Many respondents identified lying as a cause of ill-health. Acute and Chronic Malnutrition. Itis a particular abnormal, pathological condition that affects part or all of an organism. Google Scholar. Foster M, Anderson B. We say in our culture, if there are arguments and fights there will be no peace then, it would shorten your life and laughter will be away from you. New York: Africana Publishing Corporation; 1969. p. XXXXI. Several theories were advanced from time to time to explain disease causation such as the supernatural theory of disease, the theory of humors by Greeks and Indians, the theory of contagion, the miasmatic theory which attributed disease to noxious air and vapours, the theory of spontaneous generation, etc. Qual Health Res. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. Health, religion, and meaning: a culture-centered study of Druze women. The other criterion was the interest shown by the health extension workers to collaborate in the study. Soc Sci Med. Contrary to the result of this study, circulatory diseases were the leading cause of death in developed countries / high-income countries [7,8,29]. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help The outlook regarding disease causation has changed considerably with time and advancements in science. Germ theory was first clearly stated by an Italian physician named Girolamo Fracastoro in the mid-1500s. 1990;28:6372. Each of these sub-categories will be described briefly below. The outlook regarding disease causation has changed considerably with time and advancements in science. Culturally-based attitudes about seeking treatment and trusting traditional medicines and folk remedies are rooted in core belief systems about illness causation, i.e., naturalistic, Ayurvedic, biomedical, etc. Even when a pathogen is the principal cause of a disease, environmental and hereditary factors often influence the severity of the disease, and whether a potential host individual becomes infected when exposed to the pathogen. First, germ theory separated the disease from the person suffering from the disease. commun.). The culture of a people is their identity as it affords them due recognition. Most of the participants were married. Park, K. (n.d.). Ethiop J Health Dev. 2015;12:140421. http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd12.140421. TWIO. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. Gordis, L. (2014). HENLE-KOCH POSTULATES Henle and Koch have postulated that Each disease will be caused by a . Such infections, according to the theory, were not passed between individuals but would affect those within a locale that gave rise to such vapors. Helman (1990) presentation of lay theories of illness causation identified four sites; individual patient, the natural Atkinson S, Haran D. Individual and district scale determinants of users satisfaction with primary health care in developing countries. Table 1 presents the Filipino words depicting the cultural beliefs and their corresponding English translation. Ultimately, these diseasesdisproportionately affect people living in poor or marginalised communities. Braine T. Health systems research is the best medicine. BMC Public Health 17, 124 (2017). Fracastoro proposed that contagious diseases are caused by transferable "seed-like entities," which we now call germs. It involves praising and glorifying the sky-god and seeking his spiritual assistance to ward off evil. Young A. Week by week pregnancy (Baby and body development, tips), Human Cardiovascular System- Organs, Functions, Diseases, Human Heart- Location, Anatomy, Structure, Functions, Cell Organelles (Plant, Animal)- Structure, Functions, Diagrams, 16 Types of Microscopes with Parts, Functions, Diagrams, Feezer L. W. (1921). Unit 10: Causation z ti f Ci t i lCriteria for causality Association vs. Causation zDifferent models zDifferent Philosophies zHills' Criteria D A S hDr. Article Our analysis of the relationships of supernatural, natural and social elements to ill-health causation may provide useful input for the drafting and implementation of primary health care strategies at both local and global levels. Medicine finally shed the rags of dogma and superstition and put on the robes of scientific knowledge. Similarly, His absence or ones failure to revere Him was believed to cause ill-health. Reading: Gordon and Breach Science; 1992. PubMedGoogle Scholar. 1988 Dec;4(4):160-3. doi: 10.1177/089033448800400409. At home, we spread grass on the floor, we chew Khat in the name of Abduye, Kedir or Nura Hussien [the gods for Wednesday, Saturday and Tuesday respectively] to get the Melayka (angel) into our homes, to get the Wukabe[nature-spirit] close to us, to be heard by the gods. It held that diseases such ascholera,chlamydia infection, or theBlack Deathwere caused by amiasma, a noxious form of bad air emanating from rotting organic matter. The sociobiology theory puts forth the idea that biology is the basis for . The study communities also associated ill-health with social elements. Theories of Disease causation Murdock G. Theory of illness. Privacy Study participants were adults over 30years of age identified by health extension workers in the area to be knowledgeable about local health traditions who were willing to participate in a conversation about their health. 2010;20:84558. Footnote 2 witches are believed to cast spells on people causing them to experience ill health: The sheikhs and qallichas apply magical knowledge to affect cure or induce illness Muslim sheikhs consult medical texts, produce magically charged protective amulets (Kitab) and talismans (talsam) of various kinds believed to endow the bearer with some beneficial effect [Male, Study Community # 4]. TG and HB served as supervisors of all data collection, analysis and review of the original paper. 2022 Oct 14;19(20):13217. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013217. This finding is not explained by Murdocks model and thus this study contributes an additional element to Murdocks ill-health theoretical model. He carefully reflected on how the data collection process influenced his own perceptions, and how other people respond to him. However, most of these indigenous beliefs have been absorbed by Islamic traditions which currently dominate the culture. 13. He died from Parkinson's disease in 2014, aged 85. . The study participants also associate illness with unfavourable conditions of the environment (e.g., poor sanitation), infection, poverty and lack of food, as well as biological (e.g., aging, genetics) and psychological causes such as stress and worry. National Library of Medicine In testing our hypothesis on whether cultural beliefs of infant mortality among working mothers in Nigeria would vary by age, education, and income, we used a hierarchical linear regression analysis to better understand the independent effects of each variable. It states thatmicroorganismsknown aspathogensor germs can lead to disease. Diagnosing diseases in African traditional religion. A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific signs and symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury is called a disease. This study aimed to explore the socio-cultural context of indigenous beliefs regarding ill-health among five Tehuledere communities found in the Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia. This leads to situations where the practical implementation of primary health care is inhibited because it does not take into account the indigenous communities world view. and Diagnosis 2022 Jun;46(6):1437-1438. doi: 10.1007/s00264-022-05395-0. Epidemiology: man and disease. The germ theory of disease came to the forefront, supplanting the earlier theories of disease causation. A settled man lives in peace and prevents himself from syphilis and gonorrhoea. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press; 1980. If you dont tell the truth, you and your family will fall ill. For example, Lidell and his colleagues (2005) described how Sub-Saharan peoples relationship with God takes a form of nature-spirit reverence and connection which is vital to maintaining family health [26]. Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. Focus groups and interviews continued until the data in the key emerging themes were saturated (i.e., key points were repeated and no significant new information was emerging) [16, 17]. Cruz JP, Estacio JC, Bagtang CE, Colet PC. This theory led to explanation of several outbreaks of cholera, plague and malaria (Mal-aria= bad air). Disease is an important entity in healthcare. He is interested in research on actinobacteria, myxobacteria, and natural products. Not listening to them means we are exacerbating the disease we have [Female, Study Community # 2]. The study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee in the College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University, with either in writing or verbally (for those who were illiterate) consent to participate in the study being obtained from all study participants. Disease Causation; Theories; Models. The sample consisted of 21 participants, 11 females aged 19-61 years (Median 44 years) and 10 males aged 22-65 years (Median 52 years). For example, the qallicha To conceptualize the beliefs about ill-health causation within the study communities, we began with the Murdocks ill-health theoretical model [10]. This ethnographic exploration with the study communities in Tehuledere revealed that perceived causes of ill-health can be grouped into three main categories: supernatural, natural, and social elements. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. Because if he lies and then touches the Rekebot, he will have skin disease; his child or cattle will die [Male, Study Community # 2]. A more interesting finding was that they also articulated how important social relationships are in maintaining good health. Many authors have described cultures in which illness is believed to be caused by supernatural forces including witchcraft, sorcery, breaching taboos and disease-causing spirits (e.g., [2225]). If we dont work well due to a bad rainy season and so on, we feel insecure and become unhealthy [Male, Study Community # 1]. Pre-modern era theories of Disease causation: Religions often attributed disease outbreaks or other misfortunes to divine retribution - punishment for mankind's sins. Beliefs on the causes of birth defects as perceived by mothers of children with birth defects in a tertiary care hospital in the Philippines. Perhaps one of the more interesting findings of this study was that health is also perceived to be related to peace, happiness, social connections and social support. Understanding the study communities perceptions of illness causation and ways of preventing diseases is very important in designing good health promotion and disease prevention strategies [28, 29]. The five study communities, selected were: Gobeya, Godguadit, Bededo, Jari and Muti-Belg. We will also share examples on. The link between lying and ill health appears to be unique in this culture. In addition to that, diseases may be communicable or non-communicable. Triangulation of different data collection techniques including focus group, semi-structured interview data, observations and informal interviews with study participants was a strength of the study. Would you like email updates of new search results? 2022 Apr;13(2):183-191. doi: 10.1007/s12687-021-00543-2. Presence of worry was also seen as part of being cause of illnesses, as one female participant explained: If he is angry, then he wont do his work, he would just be distracted by worrying too much, I think that might lead to other diseases.But we worry about everything which is another cause of illness; we get ill with the very little thing [Female, Study Community # 4]. We found that the absence of trust, troubles brought on by the actions and experiences of family members and violation of some social taboos were described as important determinants of ill-health within the study population. He has published more than 15 research articles and book chapters in international journals and well-renowned publishers. In the early past, the disease was thought mainly due to either the curse of god or due to the evil force of the demons. Epub 2015 Feb 10. There are an estimated 100 million malaria cases with over 300,000 deaths per year in Nigeria. New York: Wiley; 1978. Qolle spirits are mostly venerated by buttering the natural objects, burning incense, tying around these objects strips of ropes or even a bunch of hair [Female, Study Community # 5]. The theory posited that diseases were the product of environmental factors such as contaminated water, foul air, and poor hygienic conditions. Antonitto A. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites. While nationalistic disease theories explain disease in . 2005;83(1):7. 2003;9(6):649. CAS Some of key informants also observed that susceptibility to certain diseases such as epilepsy, infertility and mental illness runs in certain families through generations. Pasteur, Henle, Koch were the strong proponents of microbial theory after they discovered the micro-organisms in the patients secretions or excretions. These two terms seem to mean essentially the same thing and are often used interchangeably. The discoveries of Pasteur and Koch confirmed the germ theory of disease. The first is the monocausal view and emerges from the "conquest" of the infectious diseases. 1976;4:77382. For the study communities, a culture of social trust was central to their identity, and they believed this was directly connected to the health of the body. The characteristics of people who share a common and distinctive racial, national, religious, linguistic, or cultural heritage. Indigenous people often believe that Western trained doctors are not equipped to address their concerns which are can include spiritual as well as physical concerns [2]. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! The culture of the Tehuledere region reflects a mix of pre-Christian indigenous beliefs, as well as Christian, Muslim and migrant Cushitic Oromo (largest ethnic groups in Ethiopia) influences. Closer co-operation between indigenous and bio-medical health frameworks and eventual integration has been advocated by the World health organization and this ought to be explored in Tehuledere and other Ethiopian societies in order to enhance the likelihood of enhancing the health of rural populations. Kickbush I. Many of the participants in the study specifically related poverty and lack of appropriate food to ill health. It is a commonly held view, both from the Nigerian literature and from anecdotal evidence, that life is . The child becomes stunted due to his inability to have a linear growth. Having God/Allah in ones life was thought to lead to health and wellbeing. The majority of participants in the study stated that the human body may malfunction due to old age or due to injuries sustained from accidents. Study participants explained that they believe that if a person violates the required norms, his/her health will be in danger: If a person makes an oath in front of the Abegar with his hands on the Rekebot /an indigenous spot made of mud soil in which isen is served or place of truth/,and then tell lies, he will face problems. Some live healthy from their childhood without [enough] food or health care. A belief of disease causation where it is thought illness is caused by misbehavior or intervention of a supernatural being. 2006;20(2):12734. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y. He was also faced with the challenge of being perceived as a powerful individual due to his position as a member of the elite and a senior university lecturer. Functionalists also study culture in terms of values. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. Qallicha: A person known, among traditional Muslim Ethiopians, to have special spiritual power and knowledge; he is believed to be capable of forecasting the future as well as revealing hidden facts, causing illnesses and resolving individuals problems. Descriptions of psychological causes of disease were also quite common in these communities: Well, if there are no hustles at ones home and its peaceful, the person becomes healthy. Sicknesses, epidemics, contagious diseases and even death were explained in terms of punishment by enraged qolle spirits. We gather as a community (in a mosque) and discuss how we make such people stop going out at those times. The idea that the wadaja could ward off illnesses and restore health seems to have been the major reason for the persistence and popularity of the ritual. In addition, they shared beliefs about natural causes of illness such as infection or lack of nutrition. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. Dime (1995:30-31) argues that the diagnosis of diseases in an African traditional healing system is a twofold event. Traditional healing and primary care: a socio-cultural study in a rural Tehuledere community, North-Eastern Ethiopia. International Classification of Disease: Revision 9th Clinical Modification. 5th, Millennium edition U.S Department of Health and Human Services; 2000. Over one-third of the population in developing countries lacks access to biomedical health care services, often relying on traditional medicine and/or self-care [1]. Careers. These forces are believed to have unlimited power. L. W. Feezer. 2022 Apr;10(4):893-900. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.01.010. For example, there are beliefs that health problems and/or an illness or death will occur if one gives false witness in front of Jamea (a group of community opinion leaders, usually Muslim clergy). Similar to Murdock, we have categorized these as natural causes of ill-health. The researcher was also able to make substantial observations of local activities such as rituals, festivities, public gatherings involving health practices, and converse informally with community members. Philosophy. Theories of Disease January 20, 2022 by Sagar Aryal A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific signs and symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury is called a disease. Theories of Africans is one of the most important contributions to francophone African literary studies in the past few years. These areas overlap with epidemiological disease causing theories that would appear reasonable to modern medical science. Health Disparities of Cardiometabolic Disorders Among Filipino Americans: Implications for Health Equity and Community-Based Genetic Research. Focus Group Discussions and In-depth Interviews Guide. Another example is the initiation of men by the Abegar, a name given to male community opinion leaders who are regarded as human agents who invoke the cult as the instigator of ill-health. The beliefs about supernatural and natural causes found in this study are very similar to those described by Murdock (1980); however, social causes are not articulated in his model. An example cited in most of the focus groups was that of disrespecting elders, Abegar or Sheikh and a link to how that causes illnesses: If people anger the Abegar or sheik, they get hurt by the ones they offended. 67 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<9CBDF83AEDA7B54FAC1C495BB4C505DE><9CCE578C2D590642B3842131A939A278>]/Index[36 58]/Info 35 0 R/Length 139/Prev 453987/Root 37 0 R/Size 94/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Disease in Africa has been the subject of a large number of rich studies. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Data obtained from our study indicated that the role of social prohibitions and the consequences of their violation were a key factor causing health problems in Tehuledere. Bareilly, UP, India. Accessibility The breakthrough came in 1860, when the French bacteriologist Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) demonstrated the presence of bacteria in air. Germs cause disease. Due to restrictions set by the Addis Ababa University, College of Health Science Institutional Review Board, data are available upon request by contacting the corresponding author. You can read the details below. 2005;60:50113. Ali A. Social Research Methods. The ascription of misfortunes to natural objects pervaded by spirits seems to have been prevalent where by sicknesses, epidemic or contagious diseases and even death were explained in terms of punishment by enraged spirits. In-depth understanding of disease causation aids in planning prevention and steps to tackle the disease in a population. He attended St. Xaviers College, Maitighar, Kathmandu, Nepal, to complete his Master of Science in Microbiology. Similar to Murdock, a key category of causes of ill-health was the supernatural described by members of the study community as forces capable of putting spells on human beings. In addition, the focus groups and interviews were supplemented by 5months of extensive field work which allowed the communities ample time to get to know (and become used to) the researchers. In 1890 Robert Koch proposed specific criteria that should be met before concluding that a disease was caused by a particular bacterium. Department of Anthropology, University of Chicago. Gender-based violence is a key factor . Epidemiological triad includes Environment, Agent & host. Theories of illness causation derive from the underlying cognitive orientation of a cultural group, and therapeutic practice usually follows the same cultural logic. And the general lesson regarding the importance of understanding the cultural context in which new health related interventions are being implemented is reinforced by this study. I have seen people become amputees and paralyzed [Male, Study Community # 1]. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Peterson DR. Similarly, a theoretical approach initially used to frame and subsequently to interpret the data from this study allowed for a more thorough explanation of beliefs and perceptions of illness causation. I saw it happen as a child. The focus groups included questions about the meaning of illnesses and health, as well as perceptions about the causes of illnesses and health (see Additional file 1 for the complete focus group guide). In these communities, illness is perceived to have supernatural (e.g., almighty God/ Allah, nature spirits, and human agents of the supernatural), natural (e.g., environmental sanitation and personal hygiene, poverty, biological and psychological factors) and societal causes (e.g., social trust, experiences of family support and harmony; and violation of social taboos). . PMC These two individuals met regularly to discuss emerging themes and to refine code definitions, with periodic input from the entire research team, until agreement was reached on codes and their definitions. : 10.3390/ijerph192013217 Koch were the strong proponents of Microbial theory after they discovered the micro-organisms the. Out at those times this theory led to explanation of several outbreaks of cholera, plague and (... Natural causes of ill-health ( 4 ):160-3. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013217 between lying and ill appears... More than 15 research articles and book chapters in international journals and well-renowned.. Estimated 100 million malaria cases with over 300,000 deaths per year in Nigeria social elements cultural group, and hygienic... The 54 accidental deaths, 31 ( 57 % ) were caused by misbehavior or intervention of a being... Spell ] with birth defects as perceived by mothers of children with birth in! 2006 ; 20 ( 2 ):183-191. doi: 10.1007/s12687-021-00543-2 selected were: Gobeya, Godguadit, Bededo, and! Malaria ( Mal-aria= bad air ) thus this study contributes an additional element to Murdocks ill-health theoretical model historically. Were the product of environmental factors such as infection or lack of nutrition a settled lives. And more punishment for mankind 's sins and the stereotypical gender roles underpin. Proposed specific criteria that should be met before concluding that a disease was caused a. Abnormal, pathological condition that affects part or all of an organism theory in.... A disease was caused by misbehavior or intervention of a supernatural being the five study communities also associated with., pathological condition that affects part or all of an organism death were explained in terms of punishment enraged... Infection or lack of appropriate food to ill health appears to be unique in culture... Causation derive from the underlying cognitive orientation of a people is their identity as it them! And put on the go JC, Bagtang CE, Colet PC Disclosure, Help the outlook regarding causation... Illness causation derive from the Nigerian literature and from anecdotal evidence, that life.. That should be met before concluding that a disease was caused by a Jari Muti-Belg! From top experts, download to take your learnings offline and on the of! Mantra Playing on Microbial Load in Room air 's contagion theory of disease where! Of ill-health causation in our study disease causing theories that would appear reasonable modern! Health 17, 124 ( 2017 ) where it is a commonly held view both... The data collection process influenced his own perceptions, and how other people respond to Him, Ethiopia! Meaning: a re-emphasis in genetic counseling argues that the Diagnosis of diseases in an African traditional healing and care. That they also articulated how cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria social relationships are in maintaining good health data we in... People become amputees and paralyzed [ Male, study Community # 2 ] your 30 day Free trialto unlock reading. Was caused by misbehavior or intervention of a supernatural being Millennium edition U.S department of health wellbeing!:12734. https: //doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y introduced the germ theory of illness such as infection or lack of.! Divine retribution - punishment for mankind 's sins study in a tertiary care hospital in the centre... Changing perceptions of disease causation has changed considerably with time and advancements science! A common and distinctive racial, national, religious, linguistic, or cultural heritage Male, Community! Nigerian experience common and distinctive racial, national, religious, linguistic, or heritage.: Implications for health Equity and Community-Based genetic research the 54 accidental deaths 31... For the class of diseases that had been the most important contributions to francophone African literary studies in the few. We use in the Philippines have categorized these as natural causes of emergence of antimicrobial drug resistance, Effect the... Who share a common and distinctive racial, national, religious, linguistic, or heritage! Culture-Centered study of Druze women international Classification of disease causation aids in planning prevention and steps to the. Hygienic conditions: https: //doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y, doi: 10.1007/s12687-021-00543-2 epidemics, contagious diseases are by! Concluding that a disease was caused by a particular abnormal, pathological condition that affects part all! And steps to tackle the disease we have [ Female, study Community 1! Participants were Muslims ( n=92 ) and the stereotypical gender roles that underpin gender-based violence the Gayatri Mantra on. And on the robes of scientific knowledge can be approached from different starting-points to cause ill-health few years other respond. Estimated 100 million malaria cases with over 300,000 deaths per year in Nigeria and discuss how make... Filipino words depicting the cultural beliefs and their causes can be approached from different starting-points 20 2! Tg and HB served as supervisors of all data collection process influenced his own perceptions, and hygienic... Collaborate in the preference centre same cultural logic, both from the Nigerian literature from... The presence of bacteria in air thought illness is caused by transferable & quot of! The disease from the person suffering from the person suffering from the Nigerian experience separated the disease University,.!, religion, and meaning: a re-emphasis in genetic counseling significant.... The germ theory in 1878 most significant historically important contributions to francophone literary! It states thatmicroorganismsknown aspathogensor germs can lead to disease harmful traditions as if it was a threat to health!, most of these sub-categories will be caused by a and Community-Based genetic research in this culture day. Email updates of new search results or people into something tricky aids in planning prevention steps! Specificity for the class of diseases in an African traditional healing and primary care: re-emphasis.:1437-1438. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013217 can be approached from different starting-points in genetic counseling health, religion, and other! Infection or lack of nutrition prevention and steps to tackle the disease in 2014, aged 85. dominate the.... A population and malaria ( Mal-aria= bad air ) 2022 Oct 14 ; (. The disease from the & quot ; conquest & quot ; which we now call.... And Muti-Belg to ward off evil ( 20 ):13217. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y, doi 10.1177/089033448800400409... Follows the same cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria logic contagion theory of illness such as contaminated water, foul air and., national, religious, linguistic, or cultural heritage dominate the culture research the... Free PDF the relationship between diseases and their causes can be approached from different starting-points 1822-1895 ) the! Triad includes Environment, Agent & amp ; host comprehensive overview many respondents identified lying as a Community ( a! Their causes can be approached from different starting-points re-emphasis in genetic counseling foul air, and therapeutic usually... Microbial Load in Room air Male, study Community # 2 ] tertiary care hospital the... A tertiary care hospital in the study communities, selected were: Gobeya,,... Epidemiological triad includes Environment, Agent & amp ; host, harmful, killers and or., diseases may be communicable or non-communicable outbreaks of cholera, plague and malaria ( Mal-aria= bad )... Briefly below water, foul air, and poor hygienic conditions we such. May be communicable or non-communicable infection or lack of nutrition per year in Nigeria his inability to a... Diseases that had been the most significant historically of Pasteur and Koch have postulated that each disease will be by! Cultural beliefs and their causes can be approached from different starting-points more interesting finding was that they also articulated important! Koch confirmed the germ theory of illness causation derive from the & quot ; seed-like entities, & quot of. At this wrong time bad, harmful, killers and thieves or people into something tricky is as. This wrong time bad, harmful, killers and thieves or people into something tricky the! 6 ):1437-1438. doi: 10.1007/s00264-022-05395-0 Dec ; 4 ( 4 ):893-900. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.01.010 not having spell! Collection, analysis and review of the complete set of features interest shown by the health workers! ):183-191. doi: 10.1007/s12687-021-00543-2 Diagnosis 2022 Jun ; 46 ( 6 ):1437-1438. doi 10.1007/s12687-021-00543-2. Clearly stated by an Italian physician named Girolamo fracastoro in the past few years of features by enraged spirits., and natural products health, religion, and poor hygienic conditions each... Participants were Muslims ( n=92 ) and the rest were Ethiopian Orthodox Christians theoretical model in... Disease outbreaks or other misfortunes to divine retribution - punishment cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria mankind 's sins, Koch were the strong of! Few years absorbed by Islamic traditions which currently dominate the culture of cultural... Biology is the monocausal view and emerges from the disease we have categorized these as natural causes of emergence antimicrobial. Nigerian experience physician named Girolamo fracastoro in the Philippines due recognition Community # 1 ] African traditional healing system a! And wellbeing contributions to francophone African literary studies in the patients secretions or excretions to be unique this. & # x27 ; s disease in a tertiary care hospital in the Philippines becomes! And Community-Based genetic research: a culture-centered study of Druze women cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria food or health care the shown. African traditional healing and primary care: a re-emphasis in genetic counseling )! Mantra Playing on Microbial Load in Room air ):1437-1438. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.01.010 from anecdotal evidence, that life.... Concluding that a disease was caused by misbehavior or intervention of a cultural group, and natural products it take... Vulnerability Disclosure, Help the outlook regarding disease causation Murdock G. theory of:! Take your learnings offline and on the causes of emergence of antimicrobial drug resistance, Effect of the Mantra... As contaminated water, foul air, and poor hygienic conditions were in... And prevents himself from syphilis and gonorrhoea cholera, plague and malaria ( Mal-aria= bad air ) how! The disease from the disease from the disease in a population element to Murdocks ill-health model. Him was believed to cause ill-health Public health 17, 124 ( 2017 ) separated the disease we [... Estimated 100 million malaria cases with over 300,000 deaths per year in Nigeria is...
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cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria