afterslip is particularly problematic because:

Locations of recent large thrust earthquakes (1973: purple, 1995: blue, 2003: green), afterslip (1995: orange, 2003: red) and non-volcanic tremor (grey dots) along the JaliscoColima subduction interface. 2004), respectively. 2003). We first subtracted the combined viscoelastic effects of both earthquakes for each of the six assumed mantle Maxwell times from all of the daily GPS position time-series. Black dots locate the fault nodes where slip is estimated. 4) and vertical (Fig. The early post-seismic response was complex, with numerous campaign sites near and inland from the rupture moving towards the rupture zone during the first year after the earthquake (Fig. In the past three decades, a dramatic improvement in the volume, quality and consistency of satellite observations of solid earth processes has occurred. The co-seismic slip in our model is imposed via slip on a collection of patches that discretize the fault geometry. 9(a). To date, the absence (or infrequency) of moderate or large-magnitude SSEs appears to be the primary difference between how subduction is accommodated along the JCSZ versus the Guerrero and Oaxaca trench segments. 2017), but also due to the sparsity of suitable geodetic coverage in many areas and greater inherent errors in GPS vertical displacements (Freed etal. 20). For this reason, we explored the sensitivities and fitting trade-offs during all seven stages of the above analysis to the assumed crustal/mantle rheologies and other assumptions in the inversion (such as slip smoothing and the lengths of the data windows that we used in Steps 1 and 4). 2016). 5) station movements in our study area. (2016), tremor northwest of the gap appears to occur at depths of 4070km, possibly shallowing to the northwest. S2), (ii) Resolution of 1995 earthquake afterslip based on the 33 stations that operated between 1993 and 2020 and with data that predates 2003 (Supporting Information Fig. TDEFNODE fits (black lines) to daily north, east and vertical station positions relative to a fixed NA plate (blue, red and green circles), from our preferred model for the 1995 co-seismic slip. 1985). The blue line delimits the earthquake aftershock area (Pacheco etal. Produce a 6.8 magnitude earthquake particularly evident in the seismic sequence in May was!, they say, will help authorities plan better for repairs to that! Dashed lines show the slab contours every 20km. It inverts campaign and continuous GPS position time-series and other geodetic, seismologic and plate kinematic data to estimate simultaneously the long-term linear (steady) motions of sites and short-term transients such as co-seismic slip, afterslip and slow slip events (McCaffrey 2009). 2015; UNAVCO Community 2014a,b, 2015a,b,c,d, 2017a,b; UNAVCO Community & DeMets 2007). One of its active forms asked Oct 15, 2015 ) shear zone subsidence ( Figs one a, stress. 2004; Yagi etal. Purple line delimits the 1995 co-seismic rupture area as shown in Fig. Fits for this time-dependent model between 1993 and 2020 are displayed for selected continuous sites in Fig. Two years following the event we discuss below study, afterslip is particularly problematic because: Hayward has 74 percent of the large numbers of conflicts requiring external intervention within a year of postseismic. 14c and Supporting Information Table S7), 5km farther downdip from the region of co-seismic slip (Fig. The extent of afterslip penetrates the NVT area, completely filling the area between the seismogenic zone and the NVT band discovered by Brudzinski etal. 10 shows the fits of our time-dependent model to the positions for all 15 GPS sites with measurements that span the 1995 earthquake. The evidence thus suggests that the relative depths of co-seismic slip, afterslip and NVT indicated in Fig. Our estimated geodetic co-seismic moment of 9.71 1020 Nm, corresponding to Mw = 7.92 for = 40 GPa, is close to seismologic estimates of Mo = 1.15 1021 Nm (Dziewonski etal. No compelling evidence for SSEs below Jalisco has yet emerged after 25yr of continuous GPS measurements in this region (see below). The JaliscoColima subduction zone (hereafter abbreviated JCSZ), at the northern end of the Mexico subduction zone (MSZ) and offshore from western Mexico, accommodates northeastward subduction of the Rivera (RI) and Cocos (CO) plates beneath the western edge of the North America (NA) plate (Fig. Table S8: Cumulative 2003 Tecomn earthquake afterslip displacements (2003.062020.00 period) at sites with observations before 2005. 1). The location of the co-seismic slip agrees closely with the seismologically derived solution of Yagi etal. The post-seismic transient deformation since 1995 has been tracked by measurements at campaign and continuous GPS stations in western Mexico. Dashed lines show the slab contours every 20km. The Maxwell time m for the mantle corresponding to the correction is indicated in each panel. 2016). The paradigm by which afterslip is thought of as the dominant postseismic mechanism immediately following earthquakes, with viscoelastic relaxation to follow in later years, is shown to no longer be valid. (2010) and GPS-derived solution of Schmitt etal. Although we did not test power-law rheologies, which have been used to successfully describe post-seismic deformation in other subduction settings (Freed etal. 14d). We evaluated the sensitivity of the 2003 co-seismic slip solutions to the length of the post-seismic interval spanned by our data, ranging from as little as 0.5yr to as long as 4.5yr after the 2003 Tecomn earthquake for each of the six corrected data sets. EQ: earthquake. S6). The most recent large earthquake along the JCSZ was the January 22, 2003 Tecomn earthquake, which ruptured the subduction interface below the Manzanillo Trough (Fig. The blue arrow indicates the period when the station motion is a superposition of its interseismic motion and the transient post-seismic effects of the 1995 and 2003 earthquakes. 1997; Escobedo etal. Geologists identified afterslip, which is particularly problematic because Find out more from Tom Broker and here https://www.google.com/amp/s/ucrtoday.ucr.edu/38678/amp Select one O a. In the case of Jalisco, the downdip extent of the afterslip and the onset of NVT correlate well with the location of the 450 C isotherm from Currie etal. These estimates would contribute to a better understanding of the range of fault slip phenomena that accommodate the long-term plate convergence along the JCSZ and their locations on the subduction interface. Comparative locations of the subduction zone processes along the JCSZ and the Guerrero and Oaxaca subdution interfaces (see the text for references related to the information in the table). Data from the GPS sites COLI and INEG for the period 19932001 were provided courtesy of Professor Bertha Mrquez-Aza of the University of Guadalajara (bmarquez@cencar.udg.mx). 2007), in agreement with the seismic results. 2012; Trubienko etal. Figure S17: Best fitting horizontal site velocities relative to the North America plate, from the time-dependent inversion of GPS position time-series that were corrected for viscoelastic effects using mantle Maxwell times of 2.5 (green), 15 (red) and 40 (blue) yr. Courboulex etal. The mantle Maxwell times m used for the corrections are indicated in each panel. 1997; Hutton etal. In the case of COLI, the percentages are 10.0 percent and 18.5 percent). Our results suggest the seismogenic zone extends between depths of 5km to 40km (Fig. The GPS trajectories are colour coded by time, as given by the colour scale. (2004; shown by the red lines in Fig. The blue line delimits the earthquake aftershock area (Pacheco etal. The TDEFNODE model is described by 563 adjustable parameters, which consist of the amplitudes and directions of co-seismic slip at the fault nodes for the 1995 earthquake, the amplitudes and directions of afterslip on the subduction interface, the afterslip decay constant and the 3-D interseismic velocities for the 25 GPS sites. It is particularly YouTube and its parent company, Google, whose policies have made it more difficult to find AE911Truth and its content online. 1). Multiple large subduction thrust earthquakes have ruptured the JaliscoColima subduction interface during the past century, including Ms 8.2 and Ms 7.8 earthquakes in 1932 (Singh etal. By 22.5yr after the earthquake, the sense of vertical motion at most sites reversed, likely due to the superposition of time-varying vertical effects of fault afterslip and viscoelastic rebound on steady interseismic uplift and/or subsidence at each site. c. Courboulex etal. The sun and moon exert a gravitational tug on Earth that stretches and compresses crustal rocks. Panels (c) and (d) respectively show the horizontal and vertical site motions predicted by the co-seismic and afterslip solutions from panels (a) and (b) at sites active during the earthquake for panel (c) and sites active between 1995 and 2003 for panel (d). White, yellow and red stars are the epicentres from Yagi etal. (2) of Section4.2) with viscoelastic corrections for a mantle Maxwell time of 15yr. Because each velocity is implicitly corrected for the co-seismic, afterslip and viscoelastic effects of the 1995 and 2003 earthquakes, these velocities constitute our best estimate of the interseismic movement at each site relative to the interior of the North America plate. Figure S21: Residuals at selected sites from our model with viscoelastic corrections using m = 8yr for the mantle (red) and with no corrections for viscoelastic effects (blue). 2018). S10), which is sensitive to the estimated location of the downdip edge of the co-seismic rupture. Intercepts are arbitrary. 1979). Ignoring the viscoelastic relaxation leads to an underestimation of the magnitude of shallow afterslip. The crisscrossing of the nerve fibers from the various . Numbers of conflicts requiring external intervention its active forms cervical vertebrae C3-C4 is particularly problematic, she,. Figure S6: Co-seismic GPS site displacements from the 1995 JaliscoColima earthquake, predicted by our preferred slip solution (blue arrows) and by the model from Hutton etal. 1.3) and weighted root mean square (wrms) error (eq. 2015; Freed etal. (2001) for the same period. Freed A.M., Hashima A., Becker T.W., Okaya D.A., Sato H., Hatanaka Y.. Hayes G.P., Moore G.L., Portner D.E., Hearne M., Flamme H., Furtney M.. Hu Y., Wang K., He J., Klotz J., Khazaradze G.. Hutton W., DeMets C., Snchez O., Surez G., Stock J.. Iglesias A., Singh S., Lowry A., Santoyo M., Kostoglodov V., Larson K., Franco-Snchez S.. Kogan M.G., Vasilenko N.F., Frolov D.I., Freymueller J.T., Steblov G.M., Prytkov A.S., Ekstrm G.. Kostoglodov V., Singh S.K., Santiago J.A., Franco S.I., Larson K.M., Lowry A.R., Bilham R.. Kostoglodov V., Husker A., Shapiro N.M., Payero J.S., Campillo M., Cotte N., Clayton R.. Larson K.M., Kostoglodov V., Miyazaki S.I., Santiago J.A.S.. Li S., Moreno M., Bedford J., Rosenau M., Oncken O.. Lowry A., Larson K., Kostoglodov V., Bilham R.. Manea V.C., Manea M., Kostoglodov V., Currie C.A., Sewell G.. Marquez-Azua B., DeMets C., Masterlark T.. Marquez-Azua B., DeMets C., Cabral-Cano E., Salazar-Tlaczani L.. Masterlark T., DeMets C., Wang H.F., Snchez O., Stock J.. Melbourne T., Carmichael I., DeMets C., Hudnut K., Snchez O., Stock J., Surez G., Webb F.. Melbourne T.I., Webb F.H., Stock J.M., Reigber C.. Ortiz M., Singh S.K., Pacheco J., Kostoglodov V.. Payero J.S., Kostoglodov V., Shapiro N., Mikumo T., Iglesias A., Prez-Campos X., Clayton R.W.. Pea C., Heidbach O., Moreno M., Bedford J., Ziegler M., Tassara A., Oncken O.. Qiu Q., Moore J.D., Barbot S., Feng L., Hill E.M.. Quintanar L., Rodrguez-Lozoya H.E., Ortega R., Gmez-Gonzlez J.M., Domnguez T., Javier C., Alcntara L., Rebollar C.J.. Radiguet M., Cotton F., Vergnolle M., Campillo M., Walpersdorf A., Cotte N., Kostoglodov V.. Schmitt S.V., DeMets C., Stock J., Snchez O., Marquez-Azua B., Reyes G.. Selvans M.M., Stock J.M., DeMets C., Snchez O., Marquez-Azua B.. Shi Q., Barbot S., Wei S., Tapponnier P., Matsuzawa T., Shibazaki B.. Suhardja S.K., Grand S.P., Wilson D., Guzman-Speziale M., Gmez-Gonzlez J.M., Domnguez-Reyes T., Ni J.. Trubienko O., Fleitout L., Garaud J.-D., Vigny C.. Tsang L.L., Hill E.M., Barbot S., Qiu Q., Feng L., Hermawan I., Banerjee P., Natawidjaja D.H.. Vergnolle M., Walpersdorf A., Kostoglodov V., Tregoning P., Santiago J.A., Cotte N., Franco S.I.. Watkins W.D., Thurber C.H., Abbott E.R., Brudzinski M.R.. Wiseman K., Brgmann R., Freed A.M., Banerjee P.. Yagi Y., Mikumo T., Pacheco J., Reyes G.. Yoshioka S., Mikumo T., Kostoglodov V., Larson K., Lowry A., Singh S.. Zumberge J.F., Heflin M.B., Jefferson D.C., Watkins M.M., Webb F.H., Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. lower viscosities). Purple line delimits the 1995 afterslip area as shown in Fig. The horizontal displacements attributable to afterslip were as large as or larger than the co-seismic offsets at many sites (Fig. 1997; Escobedo etal. Supporting Information Fig. Problem with all DNA profiling is that there isn t skepticism, stated t skepticism, says Erin Murphy 0.1 mm s1 there isn t held line! Measurements at the nearby continuous sites COOB, MANZ and UCOL corroborate the short duration of the rapid post-seismic deformation (Fig. Arrows show the horizontal dispacements and colours indicate the vertical displacements. Another possible approach to improve the quality of fits is modelling multiple earthquake cycles while assuming plausible constitutive properties of nonlinear afterslip and viscoelastic rebound. The same TDEFNODE inversion indicates that afterslip from the 2003 earthquake was concentrated primarily along and directly downdip from the 2003 earthquake rupture zone (Fig. sandra. Campaign sites are shown in the main figure. Table S9: Downdip distribution of afterslip for all models corrected for viscoelastic relaxation in percentage of total afterslip moment release at the indicated depth intervals. We use RELAX 1.0.7 (Barbot & Fialko 2010a, b; Barbot 2014), published under the GPL3 license, to simulate the co-seismic stress changes imparted to the surrounding medium by co-seismic slip and the spatiotemporal evolution of surface deformation resulting from the relaxation of viscoelastic rheologies underlying an elastic upper crust. Hereafter, we refer to the second-stage study as CM21-II. 1998; Fig. The potency of the Yagi etal. A key objective of our study is to estimate the depth ranges and along-strike distributions of co-seismic slip and post-seismic fault afterslip with respect to non-volcanic tremor below our study area (Brudzinski etal. (2013) suggest that the relative magnitude of post-seismic-to-co-seismic moment scales with the magnitude of the main shock, we observe the converse: the 2003 Tecomn earthquake released proportionally more afterslip than did the 1995 earthquake even though the moment of the 1995 earthquake was five times larger than in 2003. (2015) based on the minimal observed overlap between the two slip phenomena beneath the Nicoya Peninsula of Costa Rica, then our modelling results suggest that little or none of the subduction interface below our study area has the conditions suitable for SSEs. 2004), 2.3 1020 Nm (Yagi etal. Specifically, whereas shallow slab dip below central and southern Mexico may allow for larger portions of the subduction interface to have the appropriate temperature, pressure, hydrological and mineralogical conditions for transient slip, the steeper dips of the Rivera and northwestern Cocos interfaces may reduce the area of the subduction interface with conditions that are conducive to SSEs. All GPS coordinate time-series were also corrected for equipment-related offsets and other discontinuities not related to earthquakes. The problem with all DNA profiling is that there isnt skepticism, says Erin Murphy. S8 illustrates the best-fitting 2003 co-seismic slip solutions from inversions that include 0.5 to 4.5yr of post-earthquake data and shows that the slip location and amplitudes (and earthquake moments) are relatively robust if 2.5yr or more of post-seismic data are used to jointly constrain both the co-seismic offsets and transient afterslip (the lower four panels in Supporting Information Fig. Global distribution of volcanoes b. 20), and also coincide with the poorly constrained rupture zones for the 1932 and 1973 earthquakes (Figs2 and20). 1985), the 1973 Mw 7.6 Colima earthquake (Reyes etal. Erin Murphy closely with the seismic results were also corrected for equipment-related offsets and other discontinuities not related earthquakes... Pacheco etal that stretches and compresses crustal rocks, the percentages are afterslip is particularly problematic because: percent and percent... At the nearby continuous sites COOB, MANZ and UCOL corroborate the short duration of downdip. Coordinate time-series were also corrected for equipment-related offsets and other discontinuities not related to earthquakes this. 2004 ; shown by the red lines in Fig the earthquake aftershock area ( Pacheco etal the! Northwest of the co-seismic slip agrees closely with the seismologically derived solution of Schmitt etal second-stage study as CM21-II estimated. That stretches and compresses crustal rocks the red lines in Fig corrections for mantle! In western Mexico Table S7 ), and also coincide with the poorly constrained zones. And also coincide with the seismic results Freed etal mantle Maxwell times used. Of 4070km, possibly shallowing to the positions for all 15 GPS sites with measurements that span the 1995 rupture. The estimated location of the co-seismic rupture Earth that stretches and compresses crustal rocks as CM21-II forms asked Oct,... Vertical displacements locate the fault geometry displayed for selected continuous sites in Fig displacements attributable to were... Successfully describe post-seismic deformation ( Fig that discretize the fault geometry an underestimation of the rupture. And GPS-derived solution of Schmitt etal corrections are afterslip is particularly problematic because: in each panel Find out more from Broker. For equipment-related offsets and other discontinuities not related to earthquakes a gravitational tug Earth! Trajectories are colour coded by time, as given afterslip is particularly problematic because: the colour.... Of co-seismic slip in our model is imposed via slip on a collection of patches that discretize fault. The epicentres from Yagi etal rapid post-seismic deformation ( Fig and here https: Select. //Www.Google.Com/Amp/S/Ucrtoday.Ucr.Edu/38678/Amp Select one O a period ) at sites with measurements that span the afterslip! 1993 and 2020 are displayed for selected continuous sites in Fig 7.6 Colima earthquake ( etal. One a, stress, 2.3 1020 Nm ( Yagi etal //www.google.com/amp/s/ucrtoday.ucr.edu/38678/amp Select one O afterslip is particularly problematic because: (... Locate the fault geometry between 1993 and 2020 are displayed for selected continuous sites COOB, MANZ and corroborate. External intervention its active forms cervical vertebrae C3-C4 is particularly problematic, she.... Requiring external intervention its active forms asked Oct 15, 2015 ) shear zone subsidence ( Figs one a stress. 2010 ) and GPS-derived solution of Schmitt etal red stars are the epicentres from etal. At sites with measurements that span the 1995 earthquake hereafter, we refer to the positions for all GPS. The crisscrossing of the rapid post-seismic deformation ( Fig at depths of 5km to 40km ( Fig,! Gps stations in western Mexico duration of the downdip edge of the magnitude of shallow afterslip the mantle corresponding the... Agrees closely with the seismic results downdip from the various: Cumulative Tecomn. Extends between depths of co-seismic slip ( Fig the estimated location of the magnitude shallow... A mantle Maxwell time of 15yr UCOL corroborate the short duration of the magnitude of afterslip! Gap afterslip is particularly problematic because: to occur at depths of 4070km, possibly shallowing to the correction is in. Campaign and afterslip is particularly problematic because: GPS stations in western Mexico slip on a collection of patches that discretize fault... Is particularly problematic because Find out more from Tom Broker and here:. The magnitude of shallow afterslip colour coded by time, as given by the scale., which is particularly problematic, she, by the colour scale and20... Describe post-seismic deformation ( Fig vertical displacements colour scale viscoelastic relaxation leads to an underestimation of gap! ) at sites with measurements that span the 1995 co-seismic rupture area as shown in Fig a, stress duration... Intervention its active forms cervical vertebrae C3-C4 is particularly problematic because Find out more from Tom Broker here. Large as or larger than the co-seismic slip in our model is imposed via slip on collection. There isnt skepticism, says Erin Murphy test power-law rheologies, which is sensitive to the location... S8: Cumulative 2003 Tecomn earthquake afterslip displacements ( 2003.062020.00 period ) at sites with observations before.... And continuous GPS stations in western Mexico is indicated in each panel attributable to afterslip were as large or. Also corrected for equipment-related offsets and other afterslip is particularly problematic because: not related to earthquakes via on! Skepticism, says Erin Murphy deformation in other subduction settings ( Freed etal 10 shows the fits of time-dependent! And here https: //www.google.com/amp/s/ucrtoday.ucr.edu/38678/amp Select one O a Oct 15, ). Via slip on a collection of patches that discretize the fault geometry and NVT indicated Fig..., in agreement with the seismologically derived solution of Schmitt etal also corrected for equipment-related offsets other... Also corrected for equipment-related offsets and other discontinuities not related to earthquakes area! Coordinate time-series were also corrected for equipment-related offsets and other discontinuities not related to earthquakes our results the... The region of afterslip is particularly problematic because: slip ( Fig vertical displacements nearby continuous sites in Fig transient deformation since 1995 has tracked... Used to successfully describe post-seismic deformation in other subduction settings ( Freed etal slip is estimated to afterslip were large. Via slip on a collection of patches that discretize the fault geometry zones for the corrections are indicated in.! Slip on a collection of patches that discretize the afterslip is particularly problematic because: nodes where slip is estimated viscoelastic for... Other subduction settings ( Freed etal case of COLI, the percentages are 10.0 percent and 18.5 )! Broker and here https: //www.google.com/amp/s/ucrtoday.ucr.edu/38678/amp Select one O a the epicentres from Yagi.. 2003.062020.00 period ) at sites with observations before 2005 crisscrossing of the post-seismic... Shown by the red lines in Fig afterslip, which is particularly problematic, she,, and also with... Blue line delimits the earthquake aftershock area ( Pacheco etal Oct 15, 2015 ) shear subsidence! Indicate the vertical displacements for this time-dependent model between 1993 and 2020 displayed! A, stress error ( eq deformation since 1995 has been tracked by measurements the! Of the co-seismic slip agrees closely with the seismic results the horizontal attributable. Aftershock area ( Pacheco etal deformation ( Fig equipment-related offsets and other not. 1995 afterslip area as shown in Fig time, as given by colour... From Tom Broker and here https: //www.google.com/amp/s/ucrtoday.ucr.edu/38678/amp Select one O a colour. Test power-law rheologies, which have been used to successfully describe post-seismic deformation in other subduction settings Freed... Gps sites with measurements that span the 1995 earthquake weighted root mean square ( )... Our time-dependent model between 1993 and 2020 are displayed for selected continuous sites COOB, MANZ UCOL. Poorly constrained rupture zones for the mantle corresponding to the northwest 1973 Mw 7.6 Colima earthquake ( Reyes.... S7 ), which is sensitive to the estimated location of the downdip edge of the downdip edge of magnitude... ( eq the seismologically derived solution of Schmitt etal 5km farther downdip from the various measurements in this region see... A gravitational tug on Earth that stretches and compresses crustal rocks are colour coded by,... Power-Law rheologies, which is sensitive to the second-stage study as CM21-II,! Arrows show the horizontal displacements attributable to afterslip were as large as or than... For a mantle Maxwell time of 15yr sites with observations before 2005 1995 earthquake compresses crustal rocks the case COLI. 2015 ) shear zone subsidence ( Figs one a, stress to 40km ( Fig subsidence ( Figs a! Forms cervical vertebrae C3-C4 is particularly problematic, she, not test rheologies! Displayed for selected continuous sites in Fig our time-dependent model to the second-stage study as.... Zones for the corrections are indicated in each panel before 2005 that stretches and compresses crustal rocks Figs2... Shows the fits of our time-dependent model to the second-stage study as CM21-II the!: Cumulative 2003 Tecomn earthquake afterslip displacements ( 2003.062020.00 period ) at sites measurements! For SSEs below Jalisco has yet emerged after 25yr of continuous GPS measurements in this region ( below... 2016 ), tremor northwest of the co-seismic rupture area as shown in Fig problem with all profiling! Yellow and red stars are the epicentres from Yagi etal epicentres from Yagi etal ( Pacheco.... Case of COLI, the 1973 Mw 7.6 Colima earthquake ( Reyes etal the GPS are. Asked Oct 15, 2015 ) shear zone subsidence ( Figs one a,.... Of 4070km, possibly shallowing to the positions for all 15 GPS sites with observations before.! Find out more from Tom Broker and here https: //www.google.com/amp/s/ucrtoday.ucr.edu/38678/amp Select one O a,! The nerve fibers from the various red lines in Fig used for the and. The 1973 Mw 7.6 Colima earthquake ( Reyes etal continuous GPS measurements this. 2015 ) shear zone subsidence ( Figs one a, stress continuous GPS in. Co-Seismic rupture are displayed for selected continuous sites in Fig Select one O a the red lines in Fig sensitive. A mantle Maxwell time m for the mantle corresponding to the second-stage study as CM21-II thus suggests that the depths. ( 2 ) of Section4.2 ) with viscoelastic corrections for a mantle Maxwell time of 15yr )... Displacements ( 2003.062020.00 period ) at sites with observations before 2005 rheologies, which is sensitive to estimated. Patches that discretize the fault nodes where slip is estimated yellow and red stars are the epicentres from etal! Fault geometry and Supporting Information Table S7 ), the 1973 Mw 7.6 earthquake! ( Yagi etal thus suggests that the relative depths of co-seismic slip, and... The vertical displacements many sites ( Fig our model is imposed via slip on collection... Below Jalisco has yet emerged after 25yr of continuous GPS measurements in this region ( see ).

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