These contain miscellaneous papers relating to the circumstances of loss/capture. The buildings were solid brick structures with cement floors and tar/felt roofing. Milag or Marine-Internierten-Lager (marine internment camp) These were merchant seamen internment camps, both these and Marlags were administered by the Kriegsmarine (German Navy). The roster of 1 January 1945 showed that there were 5,014 officers and 377 orderlies in the camp. Opened November 1939, Liberated 16th April 1945. This was to accommodate Soviet POWs in a new barracks complex known as Stalag 312/XXC. Actually in Yugoslavia, the Carnaro district was annexed to fascist Italy in 1941. Both the British and French camp hospitals were hit, with the British hut being almost completely destroyed. It was designed with a holding capacity of 10,000 only despite (as many) holding many more than this for most of its existence. Equally, there were stalags which only had officers in them so nominally called a Stalag but in reality, more an Oflag, these were typically a compound of a larger POW camp housing other ranks also, or a Stalag Luft where most aircrews were officer grades. Also listed as 'Gavi-Serravalle Scrivia Piedmont'. In April 1944 the count of internees in Laufen included 459 British internees (417 Channel Islanders) and 120 American civilians who had been trapped in Europe when war was suddenly declared in December 1941. A large number of the inmates made their way to the Swiss frontier and were interned when the Italian guards abandoned their posts after the armistice in 1943. The perimeter of the each compound was secured by a double barbed-wire fence, fifteen feet in height, on top of which ran a high-voltage wire. Each camp contained a number of single-story wooden huts; 29 in Marlag and 36 in Milag. these were very much the exception to the normal rules and usually it seems the result of being caught in civilian clothing after escaping or during evasion from the military authorities and handed to the Gestapo. Lieutenant Airey Neave was just one of the tens of thousands of British and Commonwealth personnel captured at French ports following the fall of France in May 1940. The artillery fired from the positions next to the camps, but fortunately had moved away by the time the British Guards Armoured Division liberated the camps on 27 April 1945. On 19 April units of the 15th Panzergrenadier Division positioned tanks and artillery next to the camps. On our databases you will often see a record office number referred to, these record offices were the collection points in 1945/6 for returning POWs documents and are noted on our records for information only as most would haveclosed shortly after the war. Bremen Oldenburg 53-08, Reserve Lazarett Konstanzam Bodensee Konstanz Baden 47-09, Reserve Lazarett Leipzig Warren Leipzig Saxony 51-12, Reserve Lazarett Lyzeum Eschwege Prussia 51-10, Reserve Lazarett Marburg/Lahn Marburg Hessen-Nassau, Prussia 50-08, Reserve Lazarett Minden (Mil. James Garner, In 1943, an Italian-administered P.O.W. Director: Indexed by name sequences, WO 208/5405-5436 consists of the original loose-leaf documents upon which the reports in WO 208/3348-3352 are based. For security reasons Appendix A had a very limited circulation, Consists of military information and intelligence which was distributed to the Armed Forces and other interested departments. The barracks were enclosed by a barbed-wire fence and watchtowers to form a camp approximately 440 by 530 metres, and was opened in June 1940 to house officers, mostly French, captured in the Battle of France, as well as several hundred Poles. There were about 500 Soviets, 200 Frenchmen, 100 Americans and 25 Canadians in the march. Marlag camp was not completed until July 1942. Stalag VIII-D Teschen (Cieszyn, Poland and Cesk Ten, Czech Republic). Sometimes, due to the shortage of parcels, two or even four prisoners would be compelled to share the contents of one Red Cross parcel. After another train journey the men were force marched from Kiefheide, with many men being bayoneted or shot before they reached Stalag Luft IV in Gross Tychow. The treatment was very bad. Records concerning Royal Air Force and Allied Air Force prisoners will be found in the correspondence of the Air Ministry in AIR 2 (code B 89), as well as in the Unregistered Papers (PoWs) in AIR 20 (code 89). Fast-talking wheeler-dealer Corporal King is stuck in a Malaysian P.O.W. P.G. Oflag IVC, Colditz, 1941. Finally in late December 1944 1,800 Americans arrived, captured in the Battle of the Bulge. 1 Wooden hut at Lobau with 200 British POWs. While the plans to question all liberated POWs never materialised, these records still represent a large percentage of those in enemy hands in 1945. At this point, I should stop being surprised. As the name suggests, Cinecitta (literally: film city) was the Hollywood of pre war Italy and several films were made here. After entering the clothing store, the tunnel was sealed to allow later use (it was discovered the following day during the search for the missing officers). | | Stars: Lt. Michael Sinclair, a British officer known as the "Red Fox of Colditz" because of his red hair, spent six months training for his escape attempt. The camp was built on the site of an old chicken farm, approximately 300 yards north of the main Frankfurt to Bad Homburg road. Discover Colditz Castle in Colditz, Germany: An officers prison camp believed to be impregnable by the Germans saw over 30 successful escapes. On 5 February, Polish General Tadeusz Br-Komorowski, deputy commander of the Armia Krajowa (Home Army) and responsible for the Warsaw Uprising, arrived with his entourage. | 1939: The first prisoners arrived in November 1939; they were 140 Polish officers from the September Campaign who were regarded as escape risks. By the middle of June only Soviet prisoners remained, these were eventually exchanged for British and American POWs in Soviet hands, near Graz. In June 1942, to ease overcrowding, three new barracks were built, and 400 British NCOs were transferred to Stalag XVIII-B at Spittal. Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. The work performed was largely agricultural or industrial, ranging from coal or potash mining, stone quarrying, or work in sawmills, breweries, factories, railroad yards, and forests. Placed on swampy ground,with a damp, cold climate, it is one of the most notorious prisoner-of-war camps. Stalag XII-A to IX-B Limburg An Der Lahn Hessen-Nassau, Prussia Location N/E 50-08. At first they lived in tents, throughout the severe winter of 1939-1940, and construction of all the huts was not completed until 1941. Originally designed to hold 4,000 in July 1942. On 5 May 1945 the Norwegians were transported east to a camp near Lignica in Silesia, then travelled for several days by train to Hamburg and Aarhus, Denmark, finally arriving in Oslo on 28 May 1945. By September 1940 the prisoners at the camp were mainly French, with 100 officers up the rank of colonel, and 28 generals. Steve McQueen, Transfixing. | About 5% of the Soviet prisoners who died . Another tunnel built by Norwegian prisoners was discovered before its completion. The number of inmates reached its peak of 5,944 officers and 796 orderlies. A number of the French were from African colonial regiments and were used for the worst work such as collecting refuse. Other inmates/patients were Italian military internees from August 1944 and, following the suppression of the Warsaw Uprising in October 1944, around 1,000 members of the Polish Home Army were imprisoned in a separate section of the POW camp. Meanwhile, the column slowly headed east, finally crossing the River Elbe, north of Hamburg, on 18 April. Additional reports are dispersed among various record series. American soldiers that had been captured during the Battle of Normandy arrived in June-July 1944, and more form the Battle of the Bulge in January 1945. US AAF POWs arrived in October, 1943, bringing the total of US prisoners to 4,000 until liberation in April, 1945. Later in 1944 it became an US officers and British other ranks holding 9142 POWs upon liberation by the Soviet Army on 6/5/1945, consisting of 7500 US AAC officers, 400 other ranks and 500 RAF Officers with 150 other ranks, additionally held were 50 other ranks of other nationalities. Stars: At most other camps there were several nationalities, although they were usually separated into national compounds. PoWs held here previously however. | Gross: Sleeping accommodation was in wooden double bunks in groups of 8. About 200 escaped from the marching column and returned to the camp. Initially it was Stalag XXI-B for Polish soldiers until December 1940. District XIII- Nearest city Stuttgart in the Southwest of Germany. The others were at Oerbke (Stalag XI-D (321)) and Wietzendorf (Stalag X-D (310)). The numbers increased sharply in 1943 when a further 65 army officers arrived with a contingent of other nationalities, including American, French, Dutch and Polish. Feigned heart disease by smoking heavily and drinking concentrated black coffee prior to medical examination and was repatriated. Many prisoners escaped into the Apennine Mountains when guards deserted as the Italian Armistice was announced on 8th September 1943. They hatched a plan to escape through a kitchen window and then make a dash to freedom, through the courtyard and through the walls across the dry moat to the final row of barbed wire. 137 officers held here as of 26/2/43 originally opened June 1941. The escape committee were supplied with full detailed survey and building plans of the castle by SOE during the war, these were better and far more detailed than the Germans had themselves! Civilians who were officially attached to military units, such as war correspondents, were provided with the same treatment as military personnel by the Conventions. By July 1941 Stalag XVIII-D contained nearly 4,500 British and Commonwealth prisoners captured in Greece and Crete. (Pontedera is on the main Pisa autostrada today and was home to the Piaggio aircraft factory (since 1946- the Vespa scooter factory). The head of the prison was a former school teacher, who knew that putting all of the bad boys in the same class was not a good idea, but he followed the rules for the treatment of military prisoners. Using cigarettes, watches, rings or whatever they had to trade with the farmers along the way, for food. During WW2, German POWs in Britain plot to escape from their prison camp in Scotland. David Greene, PG-13 These men were responsible for security, seemed to be able to over-rule the Army commandant of camps, no matter what his rank, conducted the most rigorous and unexpected searches of personal belongings, and sometimes treated prisoners with the brutality which (presumably) had become habitual to them in dealing with civil offenders. The camp was located at Waggum near Braunschweig in Germany, also known by the English name of Brunswick. The camp was founded in 1939, by the 3rd Battalion barracks German motorized infantry regiment & 25th and 3rd Squadron - two motorized artillery regiments. In September 1943 many British Commonwealth officers from the North Africa campaign. The shifting balance of power nicely charted as the war went on and the German position worsened. However that afternoon a detachment of over a hundred SS-Feldgendarmerie (SS Military police) entered the camp, mustered over 3,000 men and marched them out, heading east. There were several escape attempts during the summer of 1941. Some of the French officers held at Colditz 1943: In May, the Wehrmacht High Command decided that Colditz should house only Americans and British, so in June the Dutch were moved out, followed shortly thereafter by the Poles, the Belgians, and the French; with the final French group leaving 12 July, 1943. After some time the officers were separated out and placed initially in the garages of the adjoining German Army armoured division. Stars: By early 1942 they housed 7,000 prisoners from Belgium, France, Poland and Yugoslavia. The history of this camp began in the area called "Il Pollino" that belonged to the Ravano family (ex Gherardesca) and, at the beginning of 1940, was used as a prison camp for POWs. | The camp was liberated by the Red Army on the morning of 12 April 1945. In August 1944, the largest mass rescue of POWs of the war in Europe took place when 132 Allied prisoners from Stalag XVIII-D were freed by Partisans in the raid at St Lorenzen. Many of the sick and infirmed were left behind in the Lazzarett (camp clinic) and were transported by rail or truck at a later date. Built as Stalag II-A Neubrandenburg in 1939, it was extended by the officer camp Oflag II-E in 1940 (renamed Oflag-67in February 1944). The camp was opened in September 1940 on what had been originally intended to be a military airfield. Part of this camp had been used as a POW camp during for Allied army personnel in World War I. The Oflag existed only for a short time. At the instigation of the U.S. and Swiss governments, the International Committee of the Red Cross put pressure on the German government not to keep civilian non-combatants in a POW camp. In January 1945, as the Soviet armies resumed their offensive and advanced into Germany, many of the prisoners were marched westward in groups of 200 to 300 in the so-called Death March. By 1 January 1945, the camp held 1,578 British, American, Soviet, Polish and Canadian troops. The first occupants were Polish officers captured during the invasion of Poland. After the Fall of France in 1940, most Polish officers were transferred to either Oflag VIIA Murnau or Oflag VIII E Johannisbrunn, and French officers were imprisoned in the castle. From November 1944 to early January 1945 American soldiers captured in various operations during the Allied drive eastward arrived. On the eastern, right, bank of the River Warter, near to the present day St. Roch bridge, stood Fort Rauch, the most southern of the right bank fortifications. | Camp E715 Buna/Monowitz where POWs worked alongside Jewish inmates from the adjacent Auschwitz III KZ (Konzentrationslager) -otherwise known as Extermination through work (Vernichtung durch Arbeit) camp. A harrowing account of the forced marches from some of the easternmost POW camps during the last days of the war. It grew quickly from a few tents to a large POW camp with concrete buildings for the German officers and guards, and 40 large wooden barracks for the prisoners. From May and June 1940 Dutch and Belgian prisoners arrived from the Battle of France, followed by French. Nearly 50,000 died there of hunger, disease, or were just simply murdered. 7 & 8 & 26 & 27 - RA (coast & searchlight) MP corps, Savoy Hotel, Bournemouth. Officers were not required to work, although they could volunteer, the convention did allow officers to be requested to work but neither the European Axis (although the Japanese certainly did) nor Allies used them so. Friesack Camp/Camp Friesack is a name commonly used to refer to a special World War II prisoner of war camp where a group of Irishmen serving in the British Army volunteered for recruitment and selection by the Abwehr (German Intelligence) and the German Army. The first to arrive were 403 men from the Allied campaign in Norway. They also organized the dates of escapes so that one group did not interfere with another. 2928797 Private Walter Murray Queens Own Cameron Highlanders died 13/8/1942 Tom Hardy, Grumello del Piano/del silenzio /Grumillina. Hardy Krger, Richard Heffer, The camp housed Polish officers and orderlies and had an area of 25 hectares (62 acres) with 25 brick huts for prisoners and another six for kitchens, class-rooms, theatre, and administration. This site allowed room for expansion of the camp facilities and its main feature was the ruined old Chapel of San Martino, sometimes known as San Mauro or Grupignano. All the recaptured escapers were well treated, and after serving their solitary confinement as punishment for the attempt were all transferred to Stalag Luft I. Stalag V-B is recorded as at Villingen AND Biberach an de Ris both in Baden Location N/E 48-08, it is possible these are the 2 nearest locations hence it was named as both. Sylt camp held Jewish enforced labourers. Lewis Gilbert The camp was liberated by troops of the U.S. 12th Armoured Division on 29 April 1945. J.W. In Italy and Greece this work was performed by the Allied Screening Commission (ASC); in Northwest Europe, Intelligence School 9, Awards Bureau, IS9 (AB). Sergeant Major Charles Coward (Sir Dirk Bogarde) escapes from the Stalag VIII-B P.O.W. Thereis also a mention within the USSME files for PG 60 being located at Villa Marina (Roma), one of these mentions is clearly an error, although more than one source states Lucca as being the location. The camp was liberated by the Soviet Red Army in mid-April 1945 although this was long after most had been force marched out westwards. The remainder of the camp was then separated and taken over by the SS to house Jews intended for shipment overseas in exchange for German civilians. Forces war records gratefully acknowledge individual contributions towards our databases and information sources: we would like to work with anyone who feels they have camp or individuals POW data which would be of interest. Stalag 305 Ludwigsburg (Baden-Wrttemberg), Stalag 315 Ludwigsburg Germany (Baden-Wrttemberg). Only two of the escapees managed to return to France. Lager Helgoland was filled with Soviet Organisation Todt workers. Stalag IV-D/Z Annaburg (Formerly Oflag 54.E) Sachsen, Prussia Location N/E 51-13, Stalag IV-F + Work Camps Hartmannsdorf-Chemnitz Saxony Location N/E 51-12. As well as giving personal details, name, rank, number, unit and home address, these records can include: date and place of capture; main camps and hospitals in which imprisoned and work camps; serious illnesses suffered while a prisoner and medical treatment received; interrogation after capture; escape attempts; sabotage; suspicion of collaboration by other Allied prisoners; details of bad treatment by the enemy to themselves or others. Macintyre has done it again. Built in December 1941 to hold a maximum of 2060 POWs it held 932 on 30/12/42, P.G. Fort 14 (XIV) named after Jozefa Dwernickiego. Altogether, some 35,000 parachute and glider troops were involved in the operation. Jack Lee, West -opened July 1944 for USAAF officers only. 183 British POWs held at the village of Markrandstadt. If you fail to find a name, it is unlikely, although still possible to find details from the ICRC archives (see below), if you have confirmed a name and camp but wish to know a little more, the ICRC may, again, be able to assist. Other prisoners of war, including Douglas Bader, distracted the guards and used signaling devices to help the escapers. The camp covered an area of 37,000 square metres, divided into two sections but not separated by barbed wire. About 14,000 men are buried there. Opened originally in October 1942 it was recorded as having 101 other ranks on December30th 1942. The camp housed around 2,500 British and 900 other commonwealth and allied nations' POWs and 7,500 USAAF in huts (10 x 12 metres) for 15 men with 3 tier bunks. 700 yards away from an underground ammunition storage depot housed 81 British POWs. In particular, the memoir of British Army officer . In 1939 as a result of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact it was annexed by the Soviets and on July 26, 1941 was occupied by the Nazis and is now in the Ukraine. Some prisoners worked in SS-owned businesses such as the German Equipment Works (DAW), located near the camp. Christmas celebrations during theSecond World Waroften had to be scaled down or adjusted as restrictions and shortages took their toll. In 1942 the first Soviet prisoners arrived at the camp, and in 1943 after the armistice, Italian prisoners arrived. In November 1941 a typhoid fever epidemic broke out in Lager-Ost. The Germans agreed. Stalag XII E Metz, located at Fort Queuleu , replaced the Frontstalag 212 & was in operation for 5 months only from 20 July 1940 to 2 December 1940. In January 1945 the officers were marched out westward, finally arriving at Oflag III-A in Luckenwalde, south of Berlin. Wing Commander and air ace Douglas Bader's man was a medical orderly by profession and according to the Geneva Convention was offered early repatriation only to have Bader, his officer, refuse to let him go! Also known as Stalag 344, and connected to Stalag IV b/z and Stalag VIII-d. 64,000 POWs in 1944 with 150 officers and 13,625 being British. Near to the Main Leipzig Railway station with 25 patients. By July 1944 it housed 9,000 Allied airmen. Records of some 125,000 captives with surnames A-L can now be fully searched in our catalogue, Discovery, and you can see when we expect to fully catalogue the remaining pieces by looking at this page, under arrangement. Researchers should note that these reports mostly relate to the European, Mediterranean or North Africa theatres of war. In Poznan itself, three forts were used to house PoWs; Rauch, IIIA and VIII. This route into Switzerland was discovered by Larive in 1940 on his first escape attempt from an Oflag in Soest. Built as Stalag II-A Neubrandenburg in 1939, it was extended by the officer camp Oflag II-E in 1940 (renamed Oflag-67, 1944). During World War I, it housed Austrian prisoners captured in the Isonzo and Trentino campaigns; during World War II, it was home to as many as 3,000 British and Commonwealth officers and other ranks captured in North Africa - this camp remains intact to this day. Richard Todd, Only those too sick to walk were left behind. Mark Robson They give details of name, rank and service/army number as well as regiment/corps, prisoner of war number and, presumably, the camp location when the register was made. Absolutely brilliant. The camp opened in May 1941 as Oflag 68, but was renamed Stalag I-F in June 1942. The first POWs arrived on 12 September. In July 1941 the prisoners of Ilag X-B were set to work dismantling their barrack huts at Sandbostel, then rebuilding them at Westertimke, finally completing the Milag camp in February 1942. Tom Courtenay, This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google It was located in a former Benedictine Abbey dedicated to Saint Hedwig of Silesia, that had been a military school between 1840 and 1920, and used by the Nazis as a "National Political Educational Institution" from 1934. On 31 January the South Compound men plus 200 men from the West Compound went to Stalag 7A at Moosburg in railway boxcars packed 50 men and 1 armed guard in each boxcar. There is a SHAEF report from February 1945 showing 1087 British, 4000 US and 21 Czech POWs here which is different to the other report above. Opened 02/41 Closed 10/44 - mostly French officers. The next day, at around at 10.00 a.m., the column was strafed by RAF aircraft, and several POWs were killed. The sick were mistreated when dysentery and diarrhoea set in. It was surrounded by a countryside divided into huge fields of wheat and oats, and the city of Altamura could be seen in the distance. For Royal Air Force personnel details can include: where based, type of aircraft, when, where and how the aircraft was lost, and the presumed fate of the other aircrew. Afterwards a number of would-be escapees would borrow Dutch greatcoats as their disguise. 'Imperial Prisoners of War held in Italy dated August 1943. Brad Dexter, Votes: Located at Annaberg-Bucholz in Germany, this was also a POW camp in WWI. The camp was built by forced labour. Although some POW exchanges took place between 1942 and 1944, the vast majority of British and Commonwealth captives were not repatriated until 1945. camp housed in a Medieval castle known as "Colditz". 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list of british prisoners in colditz